Toward an Ethical Rhetoric of the Digital Scientific Image: Learning From the Era When Science Met Photoshop     

Jonathan Buehl 《Technical Communication Quarterly》2014,23(3):184-206

Over the past two decades, scientific editors have attempted to correct “mistaken” assumptions about scientific images and to curb unethical image-manipulation practices. Reactions to the advent and abuse of image-adjustment software (such as Adobe Photoshop) reveal the complex relations among visual representations, scientific credibility, and epistemic rhetoric. Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca's model of argumentation provides a flexible system for understanding these relations and for teaching students to use scientific images ethically and effectively.  相似文献   

Dictionary-based text categorization of chemical web pages     

Chun-Yan Liang  Li GuoZhao-Jie Xia  Feng-Guang NieXiao-Xia Li  Liang SuZhang-Yuan Yang 《Information processing & management》2006

A new dictionary-based text categorization approach is proposed to classify the chemical web pages efficiently. Using a chemistry dictionary, the approach can extract chemistry-related information more exactly from web pages. After automatic segmentation on the documents to find dictionary terms for document expansion, the approach adopts latent semantic indexing (LSI) to produce the final document vectors, and the relevant categories are finally assigned to the test document by using the k-NN text categorization algorithm. The effects of the characteristics of chemistry dictionary and test collection on the categorization efficiency are discussed in this paper, and a new voting method is also introduced to improve the categorization performance further based on the collection characteristics. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has the superior performance to the traditional categorization method and is applicable to the classification of chemical web pages.  相似文献   

基于本体论的数字图书馆搜索引擎的研究     

赵亚莉  魏淑琴 《现代情报》2007,27(8):104-106

基于本体（ontology）理论,利用本体对概念、术语及其相互关系的规范化描述,勾画出数字图书馆领域的基本知识体系,构建了数字图书馆领域本体库;然后,对现有的图书馆搜索引擎系统进行了改进,将构建的本体库引入到系统中,实现了基于本体的信息检索,方便用户对资源的查询,为用户提供高质量的个性化服务。  相似文献   

A study of results overlap and uniqueness among major Web search engines     

Amanda Spink  Bernard J. Jansen  Chris Blakely  Sherry Koshman 《Information processing & management》2006

The performance and capabilities of Web search engines is an important and significant area of research. Millions of people world wide use Web search engines very day. This paper reports the results of a major study examining the overlap among results retrieved by multiple Web search engines for a large set of more than 10,000 queries. Previous smaller studies have discussed a lack of overlap in results returned by Web search engines for the same queries. The goal of the current study was to conduct a large-scale study to measure the overlap of search results on the first result page (both non-sponsored and sponsored) across the four most popular Web search engines, at specific points in time using a large number of queries. The Web search engines included in the study were MSN Search, Google, Yahoo! and Ask Jeeves. Our study then compares these results with the first page results retrieved for the same queries by the metasearch engine Dogpile.com. Two sets of randomly selected user-entered queries, one set was 10,316 queries and the other 12,570 queries, from Infospace’s Dogpile.com search engine (the first set was from Dogpile, the second was from across the Infospace Network of search properties were submitted to the four single Web search engines). Findings show that the percent of total results unique to only one of the four Web search engines was 84.9%, shared by two of the three Web search engines was 11.4%, shared by three of the Web search engines was 2.6%, and shared by all four Web search engines was 1.1%. This small degree of overlap shows the significant difference in the way major Web search engines retrieve and rank results in response to given queries. Results point to the value of metasearch engines in Web retrieval to overcome the biases of individual search engines.  相似文献   

浅论科技项目查新与专利查新的异同   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

云洁 《情报科学》2003,21(10):1064-1065

本文通过对科技查新与专利查新的定义、程序和结果进行比较，指出两者的异同。  相似文献   

智能搜索引擎与数字图书馆个性化服务   总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13  

邹凯  汪全莉 《情报科学》2004,22(7):874-877

智能搜索引擎基于知识(概念)层面实行信息检索，以较强的自然语言理解和知识处理能力，表现出良好的个性化信息服务特色。因此，智能搜索引擎应用于数字图书馆个性化服务体系，不仅有效发挥前者数据挖掘、知识发现的功能，同时能较大地加深后者的主动性、智能性优势。  相似文献   

基于WEB挖掘的用户个性化配置方案研究     

卢雪峰 《中国科技信息》2007,(24):121-122

为每一位Web用户提供个性化服务已经成为电子商务网站发展的趋势。本文首先分析了Web挖掘的基本概念和工作流程，在此基础上提出了基于Web访问信息挖掘的用户个性化配置方案模型，并对模型实现的关键技术及其在电子商务中的应用进行了研究。  相似文献   

浅谈东西方不同企业形象模式     

党明 《技术与创新管理》2006,27(4):109-109,112

鉴于企业形象识别中的主要部分——企业识别要素和企业形象设计在实际CI过程中和起主要作用,在此,针对企业识别要素和设计来进行探讨,并论述了企业形象设计发展和东西方的不同的企业形象模式的认识问题。  相似文献   

Google Library项目对图书馆事业发展的启示   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

任瑶 《情报理论与实践》2005,28(6):630-632

本文结合Google Library项目推出后所引发的广泛争议与图书馆业的发展现状进行综合分析,并对图书馆今后的发展进行深层次思考。  相似文献   

基于粒子群优化算法的中小企业竞争情报搜集系统模型     

王洪林  刘伟 《科技管理研究》2021,41(21):196-203

以粒子群优化算法为基本理论,结合我国中小企业目前对竞争情报的迫切需求和开展竞争情报工作的困难,利用跨学科分析法和仿真实验检验法,构建一个适用于中小企业的竞争情报"粒子搜索模型".该模型充分调用各粒子"经验"寻找全局最优解,用以为我国中小企业构建低成本、高收益、易组织管理的竞争情报搜集系统模型提供参考.  相似文献